Zinc finger E-box binding homebox 2 alleviated experimental osteoarthritis in rats

Aims: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by degradation of extracellular matrix, apoptosis of chondrocytes and inflammation in articular cartilage. Zinc finger E-box binding homebox 2 (ZEB2), a transcription repressor, has been demonstrated with anti-inflammatory role in some cells. The analysis from GEO data reveals that ZEB2 expression is upregulated in articular cartilage of OA patients and experimental OA rodents. This study aims to confirm the function of ZEB2 in OA process.

Material and methods: The experimental OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT) in rats, and the adenovirus loaded with ZEB2 coding sequence was intra-articularly injected into rats (1 × 10 PFU). The primary articular chondrocytes were stimulated by interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (10 ng/ml) to mimic the osteoarthritic injury, and transfected with the adenovirus carrying ZEB2 coding or silencing sequence. The apoptosis, content of extracellular matrix, inflammation, and the activity of NFκB signaling in chondrocytes and cartilage were determined.

Results: ZEB2 was highly expressed in osteoarthritic cartilage tissues and IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. The overexpression of ZEB2 restrained ACLT- or IL-1β administration-induced apoptosis, matrix degradation and inflammation in vivo or in vitro, evidenced by changed levels of cleaved caspase-3/PARP, collagen-II, aggrecan, matrix metalloproteinase 3/13, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. Additionally, the phosphorylation of NFκB p65, IκBα and IKKα/β, and the nuclear translocation of p65 was blocked by ZEB2, implying inactivation of this signaling.

Conclusions: ZEB2 mitigated osteoarthritic symptoms in rats and chondrocytes, and NFκB signaling might be involved. These findings may provide novel insights for clinical treatment of OA.