Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a threat to the achievement of the global targets to the World Health Organization (WHO) End TB by 2030 Strategy. The WHO consolidated guidelines for the treatment of drug-resistant TB emphasise the importance of addressing health systems issues, including supporting patients during treatment, contributing to improved adherence, reduced catastrophic costs and better treatment outcomes. The recently published results of the STREAM (Standardised Treatment Regimen of Anti-TB Drugs for Patients with MDR-TB) clinical trial and the Delamanid 213 Trial suggest that the implementation of a proper patient-centred approach to the clinical and programmatic management of MDR-TB as per the WHO guidelines is key to improving treatment outcomes in MDR-TB patients.