The importance of the tissue microenvironment in hairy cell leukemia

Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2015 Dec;28(4):208-16. doi: 10.1016/j.beha.2015.09.006. Epub 2015 Oct 9.

Abstract

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) cells engage in complex cellular and molecular interactions with accessory cells, matrix proteins, and various cytokines in the bone marrow and spleen, collectively referred to as the tissue microenvironment. Chemokine receptors and adhesion molecules are critical players for homing and retention within these microenvironments. Engagement of B cell antigen receptors and CD40 on HCL cells promote survival and proliferation. In this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge about the cellular and molecular interactions between HCL cells and their supportive tissue microenvironment, and provide insight into new therapeutic approaches targeting B cell receptor signaling in HCL.

Keywords: B cell receptor; BCR; BTK; HCL; Hairy cell leukemia; Ibrutinib; Microenvironment.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • B-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • B-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • B-Lymphocytes / pathology
  • Bone Marrow / drug effects
  • Bone Marrow / immunology
  • Bone Marrow / pathology
  • CD40 Antigens / genetics
  • CD40 Antigens / immunology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic*
  • Humans
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / genetics
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / immunology
  • Leukemia, Hairy Cell / drug therapy
  • Leukemia, Hairy Cell / genetics
  • Leukemia, Hairy Cell / immunology*
  • Leukemia, Hairy Cell / pathology
  • Piperidines
  • Purines / therapeutic use
  • Pyrazoles / therapeutic use
  • Pyrimidines / therapeutic use
  • Quinazolinones / therapeutic use
  • Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / genetics
  • Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / immunology*
  • Receptors, CXCR4 / genetics
  • Receptors, CXCR4 / immunology
  • Signal Transduction
  • Spleen / drug effects
  • Spleen / immunology
  • Spleen / pathology
  • Tumor Microenvironment / drug effects
  • Tumor Microenvironment / genetics
  • Tumor Microenvironment / immunology*
  • Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / genetics
  • Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / immunology

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • CD40 Antigens
  • CXCR4 protein, human
  • Piperidines
  • Purines
  • Pyrazoles
  • Pyrimidines
  • Quinazolinones
  • Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
  • Receptors, CXCR4
  • Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
  • ibrutinib
  • Adenine
  • idelalisib