Interaction between tacrolimus and intravenous nicardipine in the treatment of post-kidney transplant hypertension at pediatric hospitals

Pediatr Transplant. 2011 Feb;15(1):88-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3046.2010.01417.x. Epub 2010 Dec 15.

Abstract

TAC is commonly prescribed in KTX recipients, though overexposure can be nephrotoxic. CIVN, used to treat post-KTX hypertension, may inhibit TAC metabolism resulting in overexposure and potential toxicity. We present two case reports and analysis of 2068 KTXs from the PHIS to characterize post-KTX intravenous anti-hypertensive use and to determine whether CIVN in TAC-treated patients would predict "immunosuppressive drug causing adverse effects in therapeutic use" (E-code E9331). CIVN was ordered in 11% of KTXs and prescribing increased from 6.2% in 2003 to 10.3% in 2008 (p=0.003, Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test). AEI were reported in 7.1% of TAC-treated patients with CIVN orders compared to 3% of those without (p=0.003, chi-square test). In univariate analysis using GEEs, AEI were twofold more likely in patients with CIVN orders than patients without (AOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.03-4.17) and threefold more likely than patients with orders for other continuous intravenous anti-hypertensives (AOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.09-9.08). In multivariate analysis, only CIVN significantly predicted AEI (AOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.29-6.04). Thus, until clinical studies to fully characterize this interaction are completed, CIVN should be used with caution in TAC-treated individuals.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Databases, Factual
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / drug therapy*
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects*
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Kidney Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Living Donors
  • Male
  • Nicardipine / therapeutic use*
  • Tacrolimus / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Nicardipine
  • Tacrolimus