The paper is concerned with a clinical study of 9 patients where ganglionitis of the upper cervical sympathic node proceeded with an atrophy of the soft tissues in the form of facial hemiatrophy. Besides in experiments on 18 guinea pigs the authors either removed or irritated the upper cervical sympathic node and then after a certain period during 30 days performed histological and histochemical studies of the soft tissues of the animal muzzle. It was possible to mark a prevalent lesion of the skin and subcutaneous fatty tissue. In the early periods of the experiment there was a more expressed change in the metabolic reactions and less-structural disorders which developed eventually and had a secondary character due to disorders of metabolic processes. These data permit to consider that such changes take place in the faces of patients with ganglionitis of the upper cervical sympathic node.