The GS-X pump in plant, yeast, and animal cells: structure, function, and gene expression

Biosci Rep. 1997 Apr;17(2):189-207. doi: 10.1023/a:1027385513483.

Abstract

This review addresses the recent molecular identification of several members of the glutathione S-conjugate (GS-X) pump family, a new class of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters responsible for the elimination and/or sequestration of pharmacologically and agronomically important compounds in mammalian, yeast and plant cells. The molecular structure and function of GS-X pumps encoded by MRP, cMOAT, YCF1, and AtMRP genes, have been conserved throughout molecular evolution. The physiologic function of GS-X pumps is closely related with cellular detoxification, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer drug resistance. Coordinated expression of GS-X pump genes, e.g., MRP1 and YCF1, and gamma-glutamylcystaine synthetase, a rate-limiting enzyme of cellular glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis, has been frequently observed.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carrier Proteins / chemistry
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics*
  • Carrier Proteins / physiology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / physiology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / physiology
  • Glutathione / metabolism
  • Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Phylogeny
  • Plant Cells*
  • Plants / chemistry
  • Yeasts / chemistry
  • Yeasts / cytology*

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • Membrane Transport Proteins
  • glutathione transporter
  • Glutathione