A comprehensive study was undertaken in a rural community in the state of Morelos, Mexico to evaluate health education as an intervention measure against Taenia solium. An educational program was developed to promote recognition and knowledge of the transmission of the parasite and to improve hygienic behavior and sanitary conditions that foster transmission. The effects of educational intervention were evaluated by measuring changes in knowledge and practices and prevalence of human taeniasis and swine cysticercosis before and after the campaign. The health education strategy was implemented with the active participation of the population based on the information obtained from a sociologic study. A questionnaire was designed and used before, immediately after the intervention, and six months later. Statistically significant improvements occurred in knowledge of the parasite, its life cycle, and how it is acquired by humans; however, changes in behavior related to transmission were less dramatic and persistent. The prevalences of cysticercosis in pigs at the start of the education intervention were 2.6% and 5.2% by lingual examination and antibody detection (immunoblot assay), respectively, and approximately one year after the intervention they were 0% and 1.2% (P < 0.05). These changes were accompanied by significant reductions in the reported access of pigs to sources of infection and freedom to roam. We conclude that health education, developed along with community involvement, reduced opportunities for transmission of T. solium in the human-pig cycle.
PIP: Neurocysticercosis is an important health problem in Mexico, as well as in many other countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa where conditions permit completion of the cestode's life cycle in pigs and humans. A study was conducted in a rural community in the state of Morelos, Mexico, to determine whether health education could be an effective measure against Taenia solium. An educational program was developed with community input to promote recognition and knowledge of the transmission of the parasite and to improve hygienic behavior and sanitary conditions which foster transmission. The effects of the educational intervention were then assessed by measuring changes in knowledge, practices, and the prevalence of human taeniasis and swine cysticercosis before and after the campaign. Statistically significant improvements occurred with regard to knowledge of the parasite, its life cycle, and how it is acquired by humans. However, changes in behavior related to transmission were less marked and persistent. Lingual examination and antibody detection found cysticercosis among 2.6% and 5.2% of pigs, respectively, at the start of the intervention. At approximately 1 year after the intervention, prevalences had declined to 0% and 1.2%. The decline was accompanied by significant reductions in the reported access of pigs to sources of infection and freedom to roam.