The therapeutic approach to patients with follicular low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is controversial and has varied over a wide spectrum. A "watch and wait" approach in asymptomatic patients has been taken in some studies. In other series, single agent therapy with alkylating agents as cyclophosphamide or chlorambucil has been employed. Response rates including complete responses are high, but relapses inevitably occur. Three-drug combination chemotherapy regimens consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (CVP) have been utilized, in addition to more intensive regimens consisting of four or more drugs. Although responses are commonly achieved, there is no consistent survival advantage conferred by these more aggressive regimens. However, the remission duration may be prolonged in some subsets of patients as those with follicular mixed lymphoma. Due to the prolonged natural history of follicular low-grade lymphoma, a long period of follow-up is necessary to adequately evaluate the impact of a therapeutic regimen on remission duration and overall survival. Future trials may employ more aggressive therapy in combination with growth factors or biologic response modifiers in an effort to improve the outcome of patients with follicular low-grade lymphoma.