The carriage of Neisseria meningitidis was examined in the Norwegian population of Svalbard (1150 persons) after a fatal case of meningococcal septicaemia. The overall carrier rate was 39.0%. The rate was highest among males (47.8%), with a maximum of 63.4% in the age group 15-24 years. The carrier rate was low among children aged 3 to 15 years (6.5%). Children below 3 years were frequent meningococcal carriers, however (37.5%). Sulphonamide-resistant strains were often found, 22.6% of the total material being resistant. Group B was the most frequent serogroup, and accounted for 44.5% of the isolated strains. Non-groupable strains were second in frequency (23.8%), followed by group Y (15.8%). Only a few strains belonged to the serogroups A, C, X and Z. N. lactamica was isolated from 26.9% of children below 15 years, but seldom in older age groups.