An update on bronchopleural fistulae following cancer-related surgery

Purpose of review: Bronchopleural fistulae (BPF) are rare complications in cancer-related surgery but impart significant morbidity and mortality. BPF may be difficult to identify, with a broad differential diagnosis at presentation, so it is critical to be aware of newer diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this disease entity.

Recent findings: Multiple novel diagnostic and therapeutic interventions are featured in this review. Reports of newer bronchoscopic techniques to localize BPF, as well as approaches for bronchoscopic management, like stent deployment, endobronchial valve placement, or alternative interventions when indicated are discussed, paying particular attention to factors that influence procedure selection.

Summary: Management of BPF remains highly variable, but several novel approaches have shown improved identification and outcomes. Although a multidisciplinary approach is imperative, an understanding of these newer techniques is important to provide optimal care for patients.