Simple motor and phonemic processing reaction times of elderly subjects

J Aud Res. 1986 Jul;26(3):157-66.

Abstract

Simple motor reaction time (RT) was measured for arm movement in response to a known monosyllable presented by earphone. The required direction of movement (L or R) was known to S. Choice RT was also measured: only one word of a pair of taped monosyllabic words, differing only in the prevocalic consonant (e.g., tea-key) was presented by earphone. Simultaneously, a picture of each word appeared on response plates, one to the L and one to the R of the center rest position. S had to touch the response plate with the picture of the word heard. Subtracting simple from choice RT, in msec, yielded an estimate of auditory-phonemic processing (decoding) time. Data were collected from generally normal, healthy, elderly Ss [Grp I (10 M, 10 F) of 72 yrs mean age, and Grp II (7 M, 9 F) of 84 yrs mean age] and a control group (9 M, 9 F) of 21 yrs mean age. An ANOVA with repeated measures showed that significant differences existed among the 3 groups. A similar ANOVA procedure on phonemic processing time revealed that significant differences existed between the younger and the older Ss, but not between Grps I vs II. Collectively, these findings were taken to suggest that advanced age does not affect all behavioral operations in a generalized fashion. It was suggested that auditory-phonemic processing is more resistant to the aging process than manual responses.

MeSH terms

  • Acoustic Stimulation
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aging / physiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Psychomotor Performance / physiology*
  • Reaction Time / physiology*
  • Verbal Learning / physiology*