Incidental Liver Lesions in children: A practical and evidence-based approach

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2022 May;46(5):101904. doi: 10.1016/j.clinre.2022.101904. Epub 2022 Mar 19.

Abstract

Incidental liver lesions are increasingly being discovered in the context of the increased use of ultrasound studies and the majority are benign. In children, although individually rare, the differential diagnosis is broad and therefore a systematic approach is of utmost importance to reduce the radiological and disease burden in children and their families. This review article collected current evidence and provides fundamental information for the clinician regarding specific differential diagnoses and unique imaging features of benign liver lesions in children. Ultimately, we propose a practical stepwise approach mainly involving clinical and radiological workup. Laboratory tests and histopathological examination may be necessary in the presence of red flags or in indeterminate lesions.

Keywords: Adenoma; Focal nodular hyperplasia; Hemangioma; Liver cysts; Pediatric incidental liver lesions.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adenoma, Liver Cell* / pathology
  • Child
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Focal Nodular Hyperplasia* / diagnosis
  • Focal Nodular Hyperplasia* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Liver / diagnostic imaging
  • Liver / pathology
  • Liver Diseases* / diagnostic imaging
  • Liver Diseases* / pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms* / diagnostic imaging
  • Liver Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Ultrasonography / methods