[Humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in workers of social health care centers of Castilla y León after vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine from Pfizer/Biontech]

Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2021 Oct 25:95:e202110141.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Objective: Workers and residents of care facilities for elder people/people with disabilities were particularly hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. Workers from these centres were included as a priority group for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. The Family Ministry of Castilla y León realized a seroprevalence survey measuring the humoral immunity of its workers after the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: In February and March 2021, IgM/IgG antibodies were measured in 7 social health care centers in a total of 1,085 workers at least 15 days after completing the vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine from Pfizer/BioNtech. Using the ELISA technique for anti-nucleocapsid (N) IgM and CLIA S-RBD SARS-CoV-2 for anti-spicule (S) IgG, titers were compared between vaccinated with cero, one or two doses, and differentiating in these subgroups between having passed or not COVID-19. Means and percentages were compared using Student's t and Chi2 (EPIDAT 3.1).

Results: Among the 1,085 workers studied, there were 54 workers with a single dose of vaccine, of which 51 (94%) had a positive IgG (average titers of 459 AU/mL), 951 workers with 2 doses, of which 949 (99.8%) showed positive IgG (mean titers of 677 AU/mL), and 80 unvaccinated workers, of which 51 (64%) had positve IgG (mean titers of 49 AU/mL). 7 cases of COVID-19 were notified at least 15 days after full vaccination. The titers were significantly higher if COVID-19 had been passed in the group vaccinated with 1 and 2 doses (259 vs 894 and 601 vs 1,085 AU/mL respectively, p<0.05), but not in the unvaccinated group (53 vs 34 AU/mL, p<0.05).

Conclusions: 99.8% of social health workers who received 2 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine from Pfizer/BioNtech, and 94% of those who received 1 single dose, presented humoral immunity with high IgG titers, with high clinical effectiveness expressed in the absence of cases. 64% of unvaccinated workers presented humoral immunity. The history of having passed COVID-19 produces an important booster effect both after one and after two doses of vaccine. Measurement of humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 could be considered as a parameter for sufficient immunity.

Objetivo: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha golpeado especialmente a trabajadores y residentes de centros sociosanitarios. Los trabajadores de estos centros fueron considerados como grupo prioritario para la vacunación frente al SARS-CoV-2. La Consejería de Familia de Castilla y León realizó un estudio de seroprevalencia en trabajadores de centros sociosanitarios tras la vacunación anti-COVID-19, midiendo la inmunidad humoral frente a SARS-CoV-2.

Metodos: En febrero y marzo de 2021 se midieron en 7 centros sociosanitarios anticuerpos IgM/IgG a un total de 1.085 trabajadores al menos 15 días tras completar la vacunación con vacuna BNT162b2 de Pfizer/BioNtech. Mediante técnica ELISA para IgM anti-nucleocápside(N) y CLIA S-RBD SARS-CoV-2 para IgG anti-espícula(S) se compararon los títulos entre vacunados con cero, una o dos dosis, y diferenciando en estos subgrupos entre el haber pasado o no la COVID-19. Se compararon medias y porcentajes mediante t de Student y Chi2, respectivamente (EPIDAT 3.1).

Resultados: Entre los 1.085 trabajadores estudiados hubo 54 trabajadores con 1 sola dosis de vacuna, de los que 51 (94%) presentaron una IgG positiva (títulos promedios de 459 UA/mL), 951 trabajadores con dos dosis, de los que 949 (99,8%) mostraron una IgG positiva (títulos promedios de 677 UA/mL), y 80 trabajadores no vacunados, de los que 51 (64%) presentaron IgG positiva (títulos promedio de 49 UA/mL). Se notificaron 7 casos de COVID-19 una vez pasados al menos 15 días tras completar la vacunación. Los títulos de IgG fueron significativamente más elevados si se ha pasado la COVID-19 en el grupo de vacunados con una y dos dosis (259 vs 894 y 601 vs 1.085 UA/mL respectivamente, p<0,05), pero no en el grupo de no vacunados (53 vs 34 UA/mL, p<0,05).

Conclusiones: El 99,8% de trabajadores sociosanitarios que recibieron dos dosis de la vacuna BNT162b2 de Pfizer/BioNtech, y el 94% de los que recibieron una sola dosis, presentó inmunidad humoral con títulos elevados de IgG, con una alta efectividad clínica expresada en ausencia de casos. Un 64% de trabajadores no vacunados presentó inmunidad humoral. El antecedente de haber pasado COVID-19 produce un importante efecto booster tanto tras una como tras dos dosis de vacuna. La medición de la inmunidad humoral frente a SARS-CoV-2 podría contemplarse como parámetro de inmunidad suficiente.

Keywords: Coronavirus infection; Humoral immunity; Parameter; Spain; Vaccines.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • BNT162 Vaccine
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • COVID-19*
  • Delivery of Health Care
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Humoral
  • Pandemics
  • RNA, Messenger
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Spain
  • Vaccination
  • Vaccines*

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Vaccines
  • BNT162 Vaccine