Evaluation of Factors Affecting Awareness About Beta-Thalassemia in Western Rajasthan

Aims: To determine the factors influencing awareness about beta-thalassemia in the population.

Settings and design: A cross sectional study was conducted by the Department of Pathology, AIIMS, Jodhpur.

Methods and material: The study population included participants with medical as well as non-medical background, to ensure representation of all sections of the society. Data was collected in an objective survey form drafted in simple language.

Statistical analysis used: The data was analysed using Microsoft Excel and Chi Square Test for Independence was performed.

Results: The participants with a positive family history had significantly more knowledge compared to others, but even these participants didn't have complete knowledge about the disease. Age and gender had no significant impact on the results. The mode of occurrence of beta-thalassemia was known to less than half of the participants, with even less number being aware of the fact that diagnosis of beta-thalassemia can be made before birth. Participants with a medical background were aware that there were several forms of beta-thalassemia, but the knowledge about treatment options was limited.

Conclusions: Various factors affect the awareness in the general population, which has an effect on the outcome of screening programmes. There is a need for successful implementation of a screening programme for beta-thalassemia in order to reduce the financial burden that it imposes on healthcare facilities and to lessen the emotional burden on relatives of patients with the disease.