Self-reported sleep duration, sleep quality and sleep problems in Mexicans adults: Results of the 2016 Mexican National Halfway Health and Nutrition Survey

Objective: This study aimed to investigate self-reported sleep duration, sleep quality and sleep problems in a Mexican adult population by considering age, sex, geographical regions and urban/rural residency.

Design/measurements: Cross-sectional national adult survey based on the 2016 Mexican National Halfway Health and Nutrition Survey data.

Setting: Nationally representative survey data.

Participants: Mexican adults ≥ 18 years, n = 8649 (N weighted = 71,158,260 adults).

Results: Overall, mean sleep duration was 7:19 hours, from which 37% had sleep problems, and 45.7% reported very good sleep quality. Furthermore, middle-aged adults slept less than younger and older adults, females were at lower risk of being a short sleeper than males, urban residents slept less than rural residents, and those from the center region of the country slept less than from the northern and southern regions. Mainly, participants from the state of Quintana Roo, Aguascalientes, and Baja California reported sleep duration <7 hours (6:26 hours, 6:45 hours, and 6:55 hours, respectively). Overall Mexicans who obtained sufficient sleep (≥8 hours) were more likely to be female, in their 20s, reporting perceived "good" or "very good" sleep quality, possessed no self-reported sleep problems, were not a tobacco user, and resided in rural areas. Furthermore, Mexicans who obtained poor sleep quality were more likely to be females that reported sleep problems, took sleep medications, and resided in urban areas.

Conclusion: The present study's findings have important implications for understanding the nationwide features of sleep in Mexican adults. Education and public health awareness initiatives regarding good sleep may be warranted.