Food Insecurity, the Home Food Environment, and Parent Feeding Practices in the Era of COVID-19

Obesity (Silver Spring). 2020 Nov;28(11):2056-2063. doi: 10.1002/oby.22996. Epub 2020 Sep 24.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to describe changes in families' home food environment and parent feeding practices, from before to during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and examine whether changes differed by food security status.

Methods: Parents (N = 584) in the US completed a single online survey, reporting on food security, home food availability, and feeding practices both retrospectively (considering before COVID-19) and currently (during COVID-19). χ2 and univariate regressions examined associations by food security status.

Results: The percent of families reporting very low food security increased by 20% from before to during COVID-19 (P < 0.01). About one-third of families increased the amount of high-calorie snack foods, desserts/sweets, and fresh foods in their home; 47% increased nonperishable processed foods. Concern about child overweight increased during COVID-19, with a greater increase for food-insecure versus food-secure parents (P < 0.01). Use of restriction, pressure to eat, and monitoring increased, with a greater increase in pressure to eat for parents with food insecurity compared with food-secure parents (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: During COVID-19, increases in very low food security and changes in the home food environment and parent feeding practices were observed. Results highlight the need to address negative impacts of COVID-19 on children's obesity risk, particularly among those facing health disparities.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Betacoronavirus / pathogenicity*
  • COVID-19
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Coronavirus Infections / epidemiology*
  • Feeding Behavior / psychology*
  • Female
  • Food Supply / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pandemics
  • Parents
  • Pneumonia, Viral / epidemiology*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Surveys and Questionnaires