Objective: To assess surgical outcomes of implanted porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) mesh in the rabbit vesicovaginal space (VVS) and explore its application value in pelvic floor reconstruction surgery. Methods: Sixteen male rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, and each group had four rabbits. All groups of rabbits were implanted with SIS mesh in the vesicovaginal space. They were humanely killed after a postoperative period of 7, 30, 90 and 180 days by group. The grafted area was removed with the surrounding bladder and vaginal tissues. The specimens were embedded in paraffin and then stained with HE and Masson's trichrome stains for visual observations, cells counts, and assessment of tissues and collagen fibers. Results: (1) After HE staining, a large number of inflammatory response cells mainly eosinophils and lymphocytes infiltrated around the SIS mesh in 7 days group, and neovascularization was observed, the infiltration area of inflammatory response cells further increased in 30 days group, the infiltration area of inflammatory response cells significantly reduced in 90 days group, while the inflammatory response basically subsided in 180 days group. (2) After Masson's trichromestaining, the collagen structure of SIS mesh in 7 days group was clear and intact. While, the collagen structure of SIS mesh was partially degraded in 30 days group, the SIS meshes of 4 rabbits were completely degraded, but the collagen fragments of SIS remained in 90 days group. In 180 days group, the SIS mesh of all rabbits was degraded, and one of them had the formation of new collagen fibers. Conclusions: SIS mesh implanted into the VVS of rabbits can lead to a transient non infective inflammatory reaction, which could be completely degraded and a small amount of new collagen fibers could be produced after 180 days of implantation. Which shown that SIS mesh should be used cautiously in pelvic floor reconstruction surgery.
目的： 观察猪小肠黏膜下层（SIS）补片植入兔膀胱阴道间隙的转归，探讨SIS补片在妇科盆底手术中的应用价值。 方法： 以家兔作为动物模型，16只雌性家兔随机（抽签法）分为4组，即7 d组、30 d组、90 d组和180 d组，每组4只家兔。4组家兔均通过手术方式于膀胱阴道间隙内植入SIS补片，分别于术后7、30、90、180 d处死各组家兔，并同时整块取出补片及其周围的膀胱阴道组织。标本均制成蜡块后切片，采用HE染色观察补片内部及周围组织产生的形态学变化，采用Masson染色观察补片组织内胶原形态和数量的变化。 结果： （1）HE染色后光镜下观察，7 d组SIS补片周围可见大量以嗜酸性粒细胞和淋巴细胞为主的炎性细胞浸润，并可见新生血管形成；30 d组炎性细胞浸润区域进一步增大；90 d组炎性细胞浸润区域明显缩小；180天组炎性反应基本消退。（2）Masson染色后光镜下观察，7 d组4只家兔SIS补片胶原结构清晰，保留完整；30 d组4只家兔SIS补片已有部分降解，但仍可见SIS胶原结构；90 d组有2只家兔尚可见少量残留SIS碎片结构，另2只家兔的SIS补片已被完全降解；180 d组4只家兔的SIS补片均被完全降解，其中1只家兔似可见部分有排序的胶原结构。 结论： SIS补片植入兔膀胱阴道间隙后可导致一过性的非感染性炎症反应，植入180 d后可被完全降解并有少量新生胶原结构产生。SIS补片用于盆底重建手术需谨慎。.
Keywords: Bioprosthesis; Histocompatibility; Inflammation; Intestinal mucosa; Intestine, small; Vagina.