1 Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
2 Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. Electronic address: charles.wojnarski@duke.edu.
Patient and procedure-specific risk models likely outperform ‘universal’ aggregate perioperative risk models and should be sought out whenever possible to accurately predict individual patient risks.