As tumors originated from mesenchymal tissue, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) has its own typical history. For the idea of treatment for GIST at different historical periods, the role and value of surgery for the treatment of GIST keep changing. Laparoscopy and endoscopy will have the role they deserved. With the understanding of pathogenesis of GIST, targeted chemotherapy will be more and more accurate and individualized. How to improve the overall therapeutic effect of GIST, especially for the patients with the high risk and drug-resistance, is the dilemma and challenges for the surgeons.
胃肠间质瘤作为起源于间叶组织的软组织肿瘤，其发展历程有其特殊性，也有特别价值。纵观胃肠间质瘤不同历史阶段的治疗理念，外科手术在疾病治疗决策中的地位和价值，以及给患者带来的治疗获益都在不断改进和提升。腹腔镜和内镜治疗也必将在胃肠间质瘤的治疗中发挥相应的作用。随着对疾病发病机制的不断了解和深入，靶向治疗的精准化和个体化都在精益求精。如何进一步提高胃肠间质瘤特别是高危和耐药患者的整体治疗效果，是目前外科医师面临的困难与挑战。.
Keywords: Drug-resistance; Gastrointestinal stromal tumors; Molecular targeted therapy; Surgical procedure,operative.