Expression of c-Met in Primary and Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Oncology. 2020;98(3):186-194. doi: 10.1159/000504806. Epub 2019 Dec 17.

Abstract

Background: The clinical course of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is complicated, because it often recurs and shows multiple lesions, some of which progress to a more malignant form, shortening the life of the patient. The hepatocyte growth factor receptor c-Met has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of HCC, but the influence of c-Met expression on the clinical course of HCC remains to be fully elucidated.

Methods: We randomly selected and included 600 tumor specimens obtained from the primary and recurrent lesions of 319 HCC cases between 1995 and 2007. The expression of c-Met was determined by immunohistochemistry using archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples. We analyzed the correlation between c-Met expression and clinical parameters, including survival. In addition, we examined c-Met expression in the malignant transition of HCC in all cases including recurrent lesions.

Results: Survival analysis using the multivariate Cox proportional-regression model revealed that the prognosis was significantly better in the primary cases with high c-Met expression than in those with low c-Met expression (hazard ratio 0.159, 95% confidence interval 0.065-0.391; p < 0.001). During the course of recurrence, some cases with high c-Met expression returned to low c-Met expression. Among 40 cases with high c-Met expression, 29 survived more than 2 years after detecting the high c-Met expression.

Conclusion: High expression of c-Met may be a prognostic factor for a good, rather than a poor, HCC prognosis. The involvement of c-Met expression in the malignant transition of recurrent HCC is obscure.

Keywords: Clinical course; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Prognosis; c-Met.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / enzymology*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / therapy
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms / enzymology*
  • Liver Neoplasms / mortality
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms / therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / analysis*
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • MET protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met