Predictors of surgical complications and evaluation of outcomes after surgical correction of adult-acquired buried penis

Int Urol Nephrol. 2020 Apr;52(4):687-692. doi: 10.1007/s11255-019-02347-3. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Abstract

Objective: To determine predictors for surgical complications and assess patient satisfaction after surgical treatment of Adult-Acquired Buried Penis (AABP).

Methods: A retrospective review was performed on all patients diagnosed with AABP who underwent surgical treatment at a single institution from January 2013-December 2017. Patient demographics and peri-operative data were extracted. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify predictors for surgical complications. Patients' post-operative satisfaction was likewise assessed for factors such as successful outcome, post-operative erection quality, and complications related to the surgery.

Result: Twenty-four patients of median age 61.5 years (IQR 54-67) with median follow-up of 12 months (IQR 3.25-29) were included. Overall success was 87.5% (21/24). Complications occurred in 15 (62.5%) patients with 7 (29%) Clavien-Dindo category ≥ 3. Based on regression analyses, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 (HR 25; 95% CI 1.45-431.81) and tobacco smoking (HR 14.6; 95% CI 1.15-199.98) were identified as independent predictors of overall complications. Concomitant performance of abdominal panniculectomy was associated with Clavien-Dindo category ≥ 3 (HR 28; 95% CI 2.4-326.74) complications. Patient satisfaction was associated with surgical success (p < 0.0001), post-operative erection (p < 0.027), and absence of surgical morbidity that needed further surgical intervention (p = 0.032).

Conclusion: Surgical management of AABP following an individualized algorithm results in a high success rate but also in relatively high procedure-related morbidity. Peri-operative BMI ≥ 40 and tobacco smoking have higher odds for overall complication occurrence, while concomitant abdominal panniculectomy results in more occurrence of Clavien-Dindo category ≥ 3 morbidities. Patient's eventual satisfaction correlates well with surgical success, post-procedural erection condition, and lack of Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3 morbidity.

Keywords: Adult-acquired buried penis; Complication; Predictors; Satisfaction; Smoking.

MeSH terms

  • Abdominoplasty / adverse effects*
  • Aged
  • Body Mass Index
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Satisfaction*
  • Penile Diseases / surgery*
  • Penile Erection
  • Penis / surgery*
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology*
  • Postoperative Period
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Skin Transplantation
  • Tobacco Smoking