Hybrid Three-Dimensional Spiral WSe2 Plasmonic Structures for Highly Efficient Second-Order Nonlinear Parametric Processes

Xianqing Lin; Yingying Liu; Kang Wang; Xiaolong Liu; Yongli Yan; Yong Jun Li; Jiannian Yao; Yong Sheng Zhao

doi:10.1155/2018/4164029

Hybrid Three-Dimensional Spiral WSe₂ Plasmonic Structures for Highly Efficient Second-Order Nonlinear Parametric Processes

Research (Wash D C). 2018 Dec 9:2018:4164029. doi: 10.1155/2018/4164029. eCollection 2018.

Authors

Xianqing Lin^{1

2}, Yingying Liu^{1

2}, Kang Wang^{1

2}, Xiaolong Liu^{1

2}, Yongli Yan^{1

2}, Yong Jun Li^{1

2}, Jiannian Yao^{1

2}, Yong Sheng Zhao^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
² University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials, with large second-order nonlinear susceptibility, are currently growing as an ideal candidate for fulfilling tunable nanoscale coherent light through the second-order nonlinear optical parametric processes. However, the atomic thickness of 2D layered materials leads to poor field confinement and weak light-matter interaction at nanoscale, resulting in low nonlinear conversion efficiency. Here, hybrid three-dimensional (3D) spiral WSe₂ plasmonic structures are fabricated for highly efficient second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) based on the enhanced light-matter interaction in hybrid plasmonic structures. The 3D spiral WSe₂, with AA lattice stacking, exhibits efficient SH radiation due to the constructive interference of nonlinear polarization between the neighboring atomic layers. Thus, extremely high external SHG conversion efficiency (about 2.437×10^-5) is achieved. Moreover, the ease of phase-matching condition combined with the enhanced light-matter interaction in hybrid plasmonic structure brings about efficient SHG and SFG simultaneously. These results would provide enlightenment for the construction of typical structures for efficient nonlinear processes.