Is there association between Trichomonas vaginalis infection and prostate cancer risk?: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Azar Najafi; Mohammad Reza Chaechi Nosrati; Ezatollah Ghasemi; Zahra Navi; Ali Yousefi; Hamidreza Majidiani; Hori Ghaneialvar; Kourosh Sayehmiri; Ma De la Luz Galvan-Ramirez; Mahdi Fakhar

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103752

Is there association between Trichomonas vaginalis infection and prostate cancer risk?: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Microb Pathog. 2019 Dec:137:103752. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103752. Epub 2019 Sep 17.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Parasitology, Paramedical Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Electronic address: azarnajafi5772@gmail.com.
² Department of Pathobiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: mohammadchaichi1@gmail.com.
³ Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran. Electronic address: ghasemi.e@dums.ac.ir.
⁴ Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: Naviz951@mums.ac.ir.
⁵ Young Researchers and Elites Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: Aliusafi@yahho.com.
⁶ Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Electronic address: h.majidiani@modares.ac.ir.
⁷ Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Electronic address: Ghaneihuri@yahoo.com.
⁸ Department of Biostatistics, Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Electronic address: sayehmiri@razi.tums.ac.ir.
⁹ Department of Physiology, Neurophysiology Laboratory, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Electronic address: mlgalvanr@gmail.com.
¹⁰ Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Electronic address: mahdif53@yahoo.com.

PMID: 31539586
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103752

Abstract

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to reveal the association between Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infection and the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) development. Systematic searching (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cinhal, Wiley, Cochrane, Psychoinfo, ProQuest and Google Scholar) was done, up to March 2018 for case-control studies. Random effects model was applied to define odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. In total, 6 enteries were included in our meta-analysis, comprising 5590 individuals (2677 PCa cases and 2913 control individuals) examined for trichomoniasis, with a total positivity of 469 (17.51%) and 482 (16.54%) individuals, respectively. Totally, such association was documented in three countries, including USA (4 studies), Kuwait (one study) and Taiwan (one study). Based on pooled estimations, however a 1.17-time increase of PCa was observed among individuals with a previous exposure of TV, it was not statistically significant [OR = 1.17 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.36)]. Egger's regression test demonstrated no publication bias among studies. Also, year of publication for included records was not significantly correlated to the relationship between trichomoniasis and PCa. Any further inferences should be based on future investigations for better understanding this relationship and shedding light on the cryptic pathogenesis of TV in PCa patients.

Keywords: Case-control studies; Meta-analysis; Prostate cancer; Trichomonas vaginalis.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Systematic Review

MeSH terms

Databases, Factual
Humans
Male
Odds Ratio
Prostatic Neoplasms / complications*
Prostatic Neoplasms / epidemiology
Risk Factors
Trichomonas Infections / complications*
Trichomonas Infections / epidemiology
Trichomonas vaginalis / pathogenicity