Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapy can elicit robust and durable responses in a variety of cancer types. While many patients do not respond, recent reports highlight a distinct group of patients whose tumors undergo rapid growth, leading to progressive disease and poor outcome. In this perspective, we synthesize and summarize some important issues surrounding hyperprogression, defining characteristics, prognostic implications, and controversies.
Keywords:
Antigen; Cancer; Hyperprogression; Immune checkpoint; Mutation; T cells.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / therapeutic use*
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Biomarkers, Tumor / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Disease Progression
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Humans
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Immunomodulation / drug effects
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Immunomodulation / genetics
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Molecular Targeted Therapy
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Neoplasms / drug therapy*
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Neoplasms / etiology
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Neoplasms / pathology*
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Risk Factors
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T-Lymphocyte Subsets / drug effects
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T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
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T-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism
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Treatment Outcome
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
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Biomarkers, Tumor