Glaucoma Management in Patients With Aniridia and Boston Type 1 Keratoprosthesis

Am J Ophthalmol. 2019 Nov:207:258-267. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.06.018. Epub 2019 Jun 24.

Abstract

Purpose: To assess outcomes and glaucoma management in eyes with aniridia following Boston type 1 Keratoprosthesis (KPro) implantation.

Design: Retrospective, interventional comparative case series.

Methods: The population included patients with aniridia and patients with other preoperative diagnoses (excluding Stevens-Johnson syndrome, mucous membrane pemphigoid, and congenital disorders) who underwent KPro implantation at Massachusetts Eye and Ear with at least 2 years of follow-up. One eye per patient was selected based on the longer follow-up time. The main outcome was intermediate and long-term outcomes related to glaucoma.

Results: The aniridia (n = 22) and comparison (n = 61) groups had similar preoperative visual acuity (VA, mean ± standard deviation, 1.86 ± 0.52 logMAR, P = .33) and follow-up time (65.6 ± 26.3 months, P = .25). Before KPro implantation, eyes with aniridia had more glaucoma (76.2%) and glaucoma surgery (57.1%) than comparison eyes (51.8%, P = .053; 23.2%, P = .005, respectively). More Ahmed valves were co-implanted with KPro in aniridia (47.6%) vs comparison eyes (17.9%, P = .008). At final follow-up, more aniridia eyes had glaucoma (90.5%) than comparison eyes (64.3%, P = .02), but the 2 groups had similar percentages of eyes with cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) >0.8 (23.8% vs. 30.4%, P = .57) or CDR progression of ≥0.2 (42.9% vs 44.6%, P = .89, respectively). None of the eyes with prophylactic tube implantation developed glaucoma. Eyes with and without aniridia did not differ in post-KPro VA improvement (72.7%, 72.1%, P = .96), and final VA (1.28 ± 0.79 logMAR, 1.23 ± 0.98 logMAR, P = .51).

Conclusion: Despite a higher glaucoma prevalence, eyes with aniridia achieved similar VA as comparison eyes with more than 5 years of mean follow-up time. Boston KPro offers satisfactory visual rehabilitation in aniridia when glaucoma is managed aggressively.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aniridia / complications*
  • Artificial Organs*
  • Cornea
  • Corneal Diseases / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glaucoma / etiology
  • Glaucoma / physiopathology
  • Glaucoma / surgery*
  • Glaucoma Drainage Implants*
  • Humans
  • Intraocular Pressure / physiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications*
  • Prostheses and Implants*
  • Prosthesis Implantation
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tonometry, Ocular
  • Visual Acuity / physiology