Hexokinase-2 is overexpressed in several carcinomas including breast cancer to sustain energy for rapidly dividing cells and associates with chemoresistance. However, the impact of chemo drugs (alone or in combination) on hexokinase activity and autophagic cell death is unclear. In this report, we used an in vivo murine adenocarcinoma model to validate the effects of As2 O3 and cisplatin on hexokinase activity and autophagic cancer cell death. We found that the two drugs inhibit hexokinase activity and induce autophagic marker, beclin 1 expression. Interestingly, combining As2 O3 with cisplatin synergistically enhanced these effects and alleviated oxidative stress often encountered in As2 O3 treatment. Altogether, our data provide direct evidence that inhibition of hexokinase activity and induction of autophagic cell death are mediating the antineoplastic effects of As2 O3 and cisplatin. Our findings raise the potential of combining As2 O3 with cisplatin as an approach to augment cisplatin-induced cell death and combat cisplatin chemoresistance in cancer.
Keywords: Ehrlich ascites carcinoma; arsenic trioxide; autophagy; beclin 1; cancer; cisplatin; hexokinase.
© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.