Accuracy of Tri-ponderal Mass Index and Body Mass Index in Estimating Insulin Resistance, Hyperlipidemia, Impaired Liver Enzymes or Thyroid Hormone Function and Vitamin D Levels in Children and Adolescents

J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2019 Nov 22;11(4):366-373. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2019.2018.0279. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Abstract

Objective: Tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) has been reported to estimate body fat more accurately than body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to compare the efficacy of TMI and BMI in predicting insulin resistance (IR), hyperlipidemia, impaired liver enzymes or thyroid hormone function and vitamin D concentration.

Methods: One hundred and forty-three overweight or obese children, based on BMI-standard deviation (SD) scoring (BMI-SDS) were studied retrospectively. TMI thresholds for overweight status were 16.0 kg/m3 for boys and 16.8 kg/m3 for girls and 18.8 kg/m3 for boys and 19.7 kg/m3 for girls for obese status.

Results: Twenty-two overweight and eight obese children by BMI-SDS were classified as normal by TMI. Of the overweight children 22 (22.7%) had IR and IR was detected in 2 of 8 obese children with normal TMI. There was no increase in liver enzymes in any of the children with normal TMI. Forty-four obese children were overweight according to TMI and IR was detected in 40.9%. Thyroid stimulating hormone levels were significantly higher in BMI-based obese children. Vitamin D levels were similar in all groups of both classifications.

Conclusion: When TMI was used there may be a risk of overlooking IR. However, if it is assumed that liver enzymes are elevated as a result of visceral adiposity, TMI can be used as an auxiliary parameter to show visceral effects of adiposity. Normal TMI may indicate that visceral organ functions have not deteriorated yet. More studies are needed to evaluate TMI as a clinical tool.

Keywords: hyperlipidemia; impaired liver enzymes; insulin resistance; Body mass index; tri-ponderal mass index.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adiposity
  • Adolescent
  • Age Factors
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Body Mass Index*
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperlipidemias / blood
  • Hyperlipidemias / diagnosis*
  • Hyperlipidemias / epidemiology
  • Hyperlipidemias / physiopathology
  • Incidence
  • Insulin / blood
  • Insulin Resistance*
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / metabolism
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / physiopathology
  • Lipids / blood
  • Liver / enzymology*
  • Male
  • Pediatric Obesity / blood
  • Pediatric Obesity / diagnosis*
  • Pediatric Obesity / epidemiology
  • Pediatric Obesity / physiopathology
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Thyroid Hormones / blood*
  • Turkey / epidemiology
  • Vitamin D / blood*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin
  • Lipids
  • Thyroid Hormones
  • Vitamin D