Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticle-Loaded Thymus serpyllum on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Damage

Salma Baig; Ainnul Hamidah Syahadah Azizan; Hanumantha Rao Balaji Raghavendran; Elango Natarajan; Sangeetha Naveen; Malliga Raman Murali; Hui Yin Nam; Tunku Kamarul

doi:10.1155/2019/5142518

Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticle-Loaded Thymus serpyllum on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Damage

Stem Cells Int. 2019 Feb 26:2019:5142518. doi: 10.1155/2019/5142518. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Salma Baig¹, Ainnul Hamidah Syahadah Azizan^{2

3}, Hanumantha Rao Balaji Raghavendran¹, Elango Natarajan⁴, Sangeetha Naveen¹, Malliga Raman Murali¹, Hui Yin Nam¹, Tunku Kamarul¹

Affiliations

¹ Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
² Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia.
³ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
⁴ Faculty of Engineering, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Abstract

We have determined the protective effects of Thymus serpyllum (TS) extract and nanoparticle-loaded TS on hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in vitro. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy confirmed the spectrum of active components in the extract. Out of the three different extracts, the hexane extract showed significant free radical scavenging activity. Treatment of MSCs with H₂O₂ (hydrogen peroxide) significantly increased intracellular cell death; however, pretreatment with TS extract and nanoparticle-loaded TS (200 μg/ml) suppressed H₂O₂-induced elevation of Cyt-c and MMP13 and increased the survival rates of MSCs. H₂O₂-induced (0.1 mM) changes in cytokines were attenuated in the extract and nanoparticles by pretreatment and cotreatment at two time points (p < 0.05). H₂O₂ increased cell apoptosis. In contrast, treatment with nanoparticle-loaded TS suppressed the percentage of apoptosis considerably (p < 0.05). Therefore, TS may be considered as a potential candidate for enhancing the effectiveness of MSC transplantation in cell therapy.