Crosstalk between the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Axis and Inflammatory Signaling Pathways in Tissue Injury

Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2019;20(8):844-854. doi: 10.2174/1389203720666190305165722.

Abstract

During inflammation, chemokines play a central role by mediating the activation of inflammatory cascade responses in tissue injury. Among more than 200 chemokines, CX3CL1 is a special chemotactic factor existing in both membrane-bound and soluble forms. Its only receptor, CX3CR1, is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis can affect many inflammatory processes by communicating with different inflammatory signaling pathways, such as JAK-STAT, Toll-like receptor, MAPK, AKT, NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, as well as others. These inflammatory networks are involved in much pathology. Determining the crosstalk between the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and these inflammatory signaling pathways could contribute to solving problems in tissue injury, and the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis may be a better therapeutic target than inflammatory signaling pathways for preventing tissue injury due to the complexity of inflammatory signaling networks.

Keywords: CX3CL1; CX3CR1; chemokines; inflammatory signaling pathway; pathology; tissue injury..

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1 / metabolism*
  • Chemokine CX3CL1 / metabolism*
  • Chemokines / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / metabolism*
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism
  • Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • STAT Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Toll-Like Receptors / metabolism
  • Wounds and Injuries / metabolism*

Substances

  • CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1
  • Chemokine CX3CL1
  • Chemokines
  • NF-kappa B
  • STAT Transcription Factors
  • Toll-Like Receptors
  • Protein Kinases