High expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 and tissue necrosis factor alpha may relate to chronic infection of buffalo mammary gland

Anim Biotechnol. 2020 Jun;31(3):276-281. doi: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1579099. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Abstract

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A (HNF4A) are the putative mammary stem cell markers. Tissue necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) is involved in inflammation-associated carcinogenesis and cell proliferation. In this study, the gene expression profile of ALDH1, HNF4A and TNFA of buffalo mammary tissue using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Analysis of RT-qPCR data revealed that the relative expression (log2 fold change) of ALDH1 and TNFA during mastitis (vs. lactation) was increased (P < .05) by 2.98 and 4.71, respectively. The relative expression (log2 fold change; -7.39) of stem cell marker, HNF4A was decreased (P < .05) during mastitis. Histological analysis of mammary tissue during mastitis showed thickening of stroma and occasionally hyperplasia, predominantly in prepubertal and non-lactating animals. Although, the level of expression of these genes may vary, depending upon the physiological stage of the animals, however expression of ALDH1 and TNFA was high during mastitis. A systematic study on large samples of buffalo mammary tissue with appropriate comparisons needs to be evaluated with these markers for prognosis of buffalo mammary health.

Keywords: ALDH1; Buffalo; HNF4A; TNFA; mastitis.

MeSH terms

  • Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family / genetics
  • Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Buffaloes / genetics
  • Buffaloes / metabolism
  • Cattle
  • Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 / genetics
  • Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 / metabolism*
  • Mammary Glands, Animal* / chemistry
  • Mammary Glands, Animal* / enzymology
  • Mammary Glands, Animal* / metabolism
  • Mastitis, Bovine* / enzymology
  • Mastitis, Bovine* / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism*

Substances

  • Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family