The impact of estimated tumour purity on gene expression-based drug repositioning of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma samples

Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 21;9(1):2495. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39891-y.

Abstract

To find new potentially therapeutic drugs against clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC), within drugs currently prescribed for other diseases (drug repositioning), we previously searched for drugs which are expected to bring the gene expression of 500 + ccRCC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas closer to that of healthy kidney tissue samples. An inherent limitation of this bulk RNA-seq data is that tumour samples consist of a varying mixture of cancerous and non-cancerous cells, which influences differential gene expression analyses. Here, we investigate whether the drug repositioning candidates are expected to target the genes dysregulated in ccRCC cells by studying the association with tumour purity. When all ccRCC samples are analysed together, the drug repositioning potential of identified drugs start decreasing above 80% estimated tumour purity. Because ccRCC is a highly vascular tumour, attributed to frequent loss of VHL function and subsequent activation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF), we stratified the samples by observed activation of the HIF-pathway. After stratification, the association between estimated tumour purity and drug repositioning potential disappears for HIF-activated samples. This result suggests that the identified drug repositioning candidates specifically target the genes expressed by HIF-activated ccRCC tumour cells, instead of genes expressed by other cell types part of the tumour micro-environment.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / genetics*
  • Drug Repositioning
  • Gene Expression Profiling / methods*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects
  • Gene Regulatory Networks / drug effects*
  • Genetic Heterogeneity
  • Humans
  • Kidney Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Kidney Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Sequence Analysis, RNA
  • Tumor Microenvironment / drug effects
  • Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein / genetics

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein
  • VHL protein, human