Phytochemicals Accumulation in Sanhua Plum ( Prunus salicina L.) during Fruit Development and Their Potential Use as Antioxidants

J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Mar 6;67(9):2459-2466. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05087. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Abstract

This study followed the flesh reddening of Sanhua plum from the surface to the center during fruit development. Five key stages were identified based on color changes during fruit ripening: full-green (FG), red-appeared, half-red, full-red, and purple-red (PR). Fruits were collected and analyzed for phytochemicals and antioxidant properties. Concurrently, the transcript levels of genes associated with phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin production were investigated. The titratable acid content of Sanhua plum decreased during development, while total soluble sugar content increased. In addition, both the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content decreased during development, while anthocyanin content increased. The polyphenol oxidase activity peaked in the PR stage. The maximum antioxidant activity in vitro was observed in the FG stage, while cellular antioxidant activity peaked in the PR stage.

Keywords: Prunus salicina L.; antioxidant activity; fruit development; gene expression; phytochemicals.

MeSH terms

  • Anthocyanins / analysis
  • Anthocyanins / genetics
  • Antioxidants / analysis*
  • Catechol Oxidase / metabolism
  • Color
  • Flavonoids / analysis
  • Flavonoids / genetics
  • Fruit / chemistry*
  • Fruit / genetics*
  • Fruit / metabolism
  • Gene Expression
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Phenols / analysis
  • Phytochemicals / analysis*
  • Pigments, Biological / analysis
  • Prunus* / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / analysis
  • Sugars / analysis

Substances

  • Anthocyanins
  • Antioxidants
  • Flavonoids
  • Phenols
  • Phytochemicals
  • Pigments, Biological
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Sugars
  • Catechol Oxidase