Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation affects mental health, hormonal, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

J Ovarian Res. 2019 Jan 21;12(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s13048-019-0480-x.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin D and probiotic co-administration on mental health, hormonal, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out on 60 subjects, aged 18-40 years old. Subjects were randomly allocated to take either 50,000 IU vitamin D every 2 weeks plus 8 × 109 CFU/day probiotic (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks.

Results: Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation, compared with the placebo, significantly improved beck depression inventory [β (difference in the mean of outcomes measures between treatment groups) - 0.58; 95% CI, - 1.15, - 0.02; P = 0.04], general health questionnaire scores (β - 0.93; 95% CI, - 1.78, - 0.08; P = 0.03) and depression, anxiety and stress scale scores (β - 0.90; 95% CI, - 1.67, - 0.13; P = 0.02). Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation was associated with a significant reduction in total testosterone (β - 0.19 ng/mL; 95% CI, - 0.28, - 0.10; P < 0.001), hirsutism (β - 0.95; 95% CI, - 1.39, - 0.51; P < 0.001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β - 0.67 mg/L; 95% CI, - 0.97, - 0.38; P < 0.001) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (β - 0.25 μmol/L; 95% CI, - 0.40, - 0.10; P = 0.001), and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (β 82.81 mmol/L; 95% CI, 42.86, 122.75; P < 0.001) and total glutathione (GSH) levels (β 40.42 μmol/L; 95% CI, 4.69, 76.19; P = 0.02), compared with the placebo.

Conclusions: Overall, the co-administration of vitamin D and probiotic for 12 weeks to women with PCOS had beneficial effects on mental health parameters, serum total testosterone, hirsutism, hs-CRP, plasma TAC, GSH and MDA levels.

Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered in the Iranian website ( www.irct.ir ) for registration of clinical trials ( IRCT20170513033941N37 ).

Keywords: Hormonal profiles; Inflammatory markers; Mental health; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Probiotic; Vitamin D.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • C-Reactive Protein / analysis
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Glutathione / blood
  • Hirsutism / blood
  • Hirsutism / psychology
  • Hirsutism / therapy
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / blood
  • Inflammation / psychology
  • Inflammation / therapy
  • Malondialdehyde / blood
  • Mental Health
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / blood
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / psychology
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / therapy*
  • Probiotics / administration & dosage*
  • Testosterone / blood
  • Vitamin D / administration & dosage*
  • Vitamins / administration & dosage*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Vitamins
  • Vitamin D
  • Testosterone
  • Malondialdehyde
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Glutathione

Grants and funding