Evaluation of the renoprotective effect of nano turmeric against toxic dose of copper sulfate: Role of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, kidney injury molecule-1, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 protein expressions

J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2019 Feb;33(2):e22243. doi: 10.1002/jbt.22243. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the potential renoprotective effects of turmeric (TM) and nano turmeric (NTM) with those of desferrioxamine (DSM) against copper sulfate (CS)-induced toxicity. Rats were administered a toxic dose of CS with TM, NTM, and DSM for 1 week. Next, serum-urea creatinine, uric acid, interleukin (IL)-10, c-reactive protein (CRP), and caspase-3 levels; renal nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) protein expression; and nuclear factor (NF)-κB and B-cell lymphoma -2 (Bcl-2) messenger RNA expression levels were estimated. Administration of the investigated antioxidants downregulated the marked increase in urea, creatinine, uric acid, CRP, caspase-3, NO, MDA, VCAM-1, kidney injury molecule (KIM-1), STAT-3, NF-κB, and DNA fragmentation, and increased Bcl-2, IL-10, GSH, and SOD levels induced by CS. The histopathological examination confirmed the effects of the antioxidants on the investigated biochemical parameters. Interestingly, NTM exhibited a superior renoprotective effect, which was comparable with that of DSM. In conclusion, NTM was shown to be a promising candidate against CS-induced toxicity, and several molecular mechanisms were implicated in the CS-induced renotoxicity as well as the treatment effects of NTM.

Keywords: kidney injury molecule (KIM-1); nano turmeric (NTM); nuclear factor (NF)-κB and Bcl-2-mRNA expression; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) protein expression; superoxide dismutase (SOD); vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1).

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / biosynthesis*
  • Copper Sulfate / toxicity*
  • Curcumin / pharmacology*
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects*
  • Kidney Diseases* / chemically induced
  • Kidney Diseases* / drug therapy
  • Kidney Diseases* / metabolism
  • Kidney Diseases* / pathology
  • Rats
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / biosynthesis*
  • Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / biosynthesis*

Substances

  • Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • Havcr1protein, rat
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • Stat3 protein, rat
  • Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
  • Curcumin
  • Copper Sulfate