Inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis reverses skin inflammation and hair loss in ApoE-/- mice fed western diet

Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 30;8(1):11463. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28663-9.

Abstract

Sphingolipids have been accorded numerous biological functions however, the effects of feeding a western diet (diet rich in cholesterol and fat) on skin phenotypes, and color is not known. Here, we observed that chronic high-fat and high-cholesterol diet intake in a mouse model of atherosclerosis (ApoE-/-) decreases the level of ceramides and glucosylceramide. At the expense of increased levels of lactosylceramide due to an increase in the expression of lactosylceramide synthase (GalT-V). This is accompanied with neutrophil infiltration into dermis, and enrichment of tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) protein. This causes skin inflammation, hair discoloration and loss, in ApoE-/- mice. Conversely, inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis, by D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (D-PDMP), unbound or encapsulated in a biodegradable polymer (BPD) reversed these phenotypes. Thus, inhibition of glycosphingolipid synthesis represents a unique therapeutic approach relevant to human skin and hair Biology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Alopecia / pathology*
  • Animals
  • Apolipoproteins E / deficiency*
  • Apolipoproteins E / metabolism
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / metabolism
  • Ceramides / metabolism
  • Diet, Western*
  • Feeding Behavior*
  • Galactosyltransferases / metabolism
  • Glycosphingolipids / biosynthesis*
  • Homeostasis
  • Inflammation / pathology*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Models, Biological
  • Morpholines / pharmacology
  • Neutrophil Infiltration / drug effects
  • Neutrophils / metabolism
  • Phenotype
  • Polymers / pharmacology
  • Skin / pathology*

Substances

  • Apolipoproteins E
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • Ceramides
  • Glycosphingolipids
  • Morpholines
  • Polymers
  • Tnfaip6 protein, mouse
  • RV 538
  • Galactosyltransferases
  • UDPgalactose-glucosylceramide galactosyltransferase