Tuning the Bandgap of Photo-Sensitive Polydopamine/Ag3PO4/Graphene Oxide Coating for Rapid, Noninvasive Disinfection of Implants

Xianzhou Xie; Congyang Mao; Xiangmei Liu; Lei Tan; Zhenduo Cui; Xianjin Yang; Shengli Zhu; Zhaoyang Li; Xubo Yuan; Yufeng Zheng; Kelvin Wai Kwok Yeung; Paul K Chu; Shuilin Wu

doi:10.1021/acscentsci.8b00177

Tuning the Bandgap of Photo-Sensitive Polydopamine/Ag₃PO₄/Graphene Oxide Coating for Rapid, Noninvasive Disinfection of Implants

ACS Cent Sci. 2018 Jun 27;4(6):724-738. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00177. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Authors

Xianzhou Xie^{1

2}, Congyang Mao^{1

2}, Xiangmei Liu², Lei Tan², Zhenduo Cui¹, Xianjin Yang¹, Shengli Zhu¹, Zhaoyang Li¹, Xubo Yuan¹, Yufeng Zheng³, Kelvin Wai Kwok Yeung⁴, Paul K Chu⁵, Shuilin Wu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
² Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
³ State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
⁴ Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li KaShing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China.
⁵ Department of Physics and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.

Abstract

Bacterial infection and associated complications are threats to human health especially when biofilms form on biomedical devices and artificial implants. Herein, a hybrid polydopamine (PDA)/Ag₃PO₄/graphene oxide (GO) coating is designed and constructed to achieve rapid bacteria killing and eliminate biofilms in situ. By varying the amount of GO in the hybrid coating, the bandgap can be tuned from 2.52 to 2.0 eV so that irradiation with 660 nm visible light produces bacteria-killing effects synergistically in concert with reactive oxygen species (ROS). GO regulates the release rate of Ag⁺ to minimize the cytotoxicity while maintaining high antimicrobial activity, and a smaller particle size enhances the yield of ROS. After irradiation with 660 nm visible light for 15 min, the antimicrobial rates of the PDA/Ag₃PO₄/GO hybrid coating against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are 99.53% and 99.66%, respectively. In addition, this hybrid coating can maintain a repeatable and sustained antibacterial efficacy. The released Ag⁺ and photocatalytic Ag₃PO₄ produce synergistic antimicrobial effects in which the ROS increases the permeability of the bacterial membranes to increase the probability of Ag⁺ to enter the cells to kill them together with ROS synergistically.