Renal protective effect of antiplatelet therapy in antiphospholipid antibody-positive lupus nephritis patients without antiphospholipid syndrome

PLoS One. 2018 May 3;13(5):e0196172. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196172. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Objective: We sought to evaluate the effect of antiplatelet therapy in addition to conventional immunosuppressive therapy for lupus nephritis (LN) patients positive for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) without definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).

Methods: Patients with biopsy-proven LN class III or IV were retrospectively evaluated. We selected patients positive for anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) or lupus anticoagulant (LA) who did not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of APS. The patients were divided into two subgroups according to whether antiplatelet therapy was received. The cumulative complete renal response (CR) rate, relapse-free rate, and change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over 3 years after induction therapy were calculated.

Results: We identified 17 patients who received antiplatelet therapy and 21 who did not. Baseline clinicopathological characteristics and immunosuppressive therapy did not show a significant difference between the two groups except for a higher incidence of LN class IV in the treatment group (p = 0.03). There was no difference in cumulative CR rate, relapse-free rate, or eGFR change between these subgroups. However, when data on LA-positive patients were assessed, an improvement in eGFR was found (p = 0.04) in patients receiving antiplatelet treatment.

Conclusion: Addition of anti-platelet therapy was associated with an improvement of eGFR in LA-positive patients with LN class III or IV.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / metabolism*
  • Antiphospholipid Syndrome / complications
  • Cytoprotection / drug effects
  • Drug Interactions
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppression Therapy
  • Kidney / drug effects*
  • Kidney / pathology
  • Kidney / physiopathology*
  • Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor / metabolism*
  • Lupus Nephritis / complications
  • Lupus Nephritis / drug therapy*
  • Lupus Nephritis / immunology*
  • Lupus Nephritis / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Antibodies, Anticardiolipin
  • Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors

Grants and funding

The authors received no specific funding for this work.