Initial evaluation of the validity and reliability of the culturally adapted Spanish CaSUN (S-CaSUN)

J Cancer Surviv. 2018 Aug;12(4):509-518. doi: 10.1007/s11764-018-0689-5. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Abstract

Purpose: There is a dearth of knowledge and limited research on the needs of Hispanic male cancer survivors (HMCSs). There is a clear need for the development of culturally and linguistically adapted needs assessment tools that are valid and reliable for use among the growing HMCS population. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to describe the field testing and psychometric evaluation of the translated and culturally adapted Spanish Cancer Survivor Unmet Needs Measure (S-CaSUN).

Methods: Hispanic male cancer survivors (n = 84) completed the Spanish CaSUN (S-CaSUN), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Population (FACT-GP). Construct validity of the S-CaSUN was assessed by correlation analysis among aforesaid measures. A test-retest procedure with 2-week delay was used to examine reproducibility with a participant subsample (n = 50). Cronbach's alpha was computed to assess internal consistency of the S-CaSUN.

Results: Construct validity of the S-CaSUN was estimated by moderate correlation with the HADS anxiety (r = 0.55, P < 0.001) and depression scales (r = 0.60, P < 0.001) and the FACT-GP (r = - 0.62, P < 0.001). The test-retest correlation coefficient for the S-CaSUN was 0.78. Cronbach's alpha was 0.96. Field testing yielded a mean S-CaSUN score of 38.3 (SD = 26.2); all needs and positive change items were endorsed.

Conclusion: Findings from field testing and preliminary psychometric evaluation of the S-CaSUN provide initial evidence of validity and reliability of the measure and highlight the importance of going beyond translation when adapting measures to take culture, literacy, and language into consideration.

Implications for cancer survivors: Reliable, culturally, and linguistically valid instruments facilitate identification of unique unmet needs of Hispanic cancer survivors that, in turn, can be addressed with evidence-based interventions. As cancer centers continue to develop survivorship programs, the S-CaSUN may be useful for a growing group of cancer survivors.

Keywords: CaSUN; Hispanic/Latino; Men; Psychosocial oncology; Supportive care; Unmet needs.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anxiety / diagnosis
  • Anxiety / ethnology
  • Anxiety / etiology
  • Cancer Survivors* / psychology
  • Cancer Survivors* / statistics & numerical data
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Culture
  • Depression / diagnosis
  • Depression / ethnology
  • Depression / etiology
  • Ethnopsychology
  • Health Services Needs and Demand* / organization & administration
  • Health Services Needs and Demand* / standards
  • Health Services Needs and Demand* / statistics & numerical data
  • Hispanic or Latino* / psychology
  • Hispanic or Latino* / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Language*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms* / ethnology
  • Neoplasms* / psychology
  • Neoplasms* / rehabilitation
  • Palliative Care / psychology
  • Palliative Care / standards
  • Palliative Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Psychometrics* / methods
  • Psychometrics* / standards
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Surveys and Questionnaires* / standards
  • Translating
  • United States / epidemiology