Imported gnathostomiasis manifesting as cutaneous larva migrans and Löffler's syndrome

BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Feb 2:2018:bcr2017223132. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2017-223132.

Abstract

Here, we report an unusual case of invasive gnathostomiasis in a returning traveller, with a shifting pattern of relapsing cutaneous disease. The previously fit and well 32-year-old man first presented with serpiginous, pruriginous erythematous tracks characteristic of cutaneous larva migrans shortly after returning from South-East Asia. He was systemically well with no other symptoms. After ivermectin therapy, he re-presented with respiratory symptoms, peripheral eosinophilia and transient pulmonary infiltrates; the classic triad of Löffler's syndrome associated with invasive helminth infection. Gnathostoma spinigerum immunoblot was positive. After a second round of ivermectin therapy his respiratory symptoms resolved, but the patient's cutaneous disease relapsed repeatedly over months, with migratory erythematous swellings appearing and settling after a few days. He was treated with a 21-day course of albendazole and is lesion free at 40 weeks post initial presentation.

Keywords: foodborne infections; global health; infectious diseases; travel medicine; tropical medicine (infectious disease).

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Albendazole / administration & dosage*
  • Animals
  • Anthelmintics / administration & dosage*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Gnathostoma / isolation & purification
  • Gnathostomiasis / blood
  • Gnathostomiasis / diagnosis*
  • Gnathostomiasis / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Larva Migrans / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Pleural Effusion / diagnostic imaging
  • Pleural Effusion / etiology
  • Pulmonary Eosinophilia / diagnosis
  • Radiography
  • Recurrence
  • Travel-Related Illness*
  • Treatment Failure

Substances

  • Anthelmintics
  • Albendazole