Natural Killer Cells Promote Fetal Development through the Secretion of Growth-Promoting Factors

Immunity. 2017 Dec 19;47(6):1100-1113.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.11.018.

Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cells are present in large populations at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy. However, the role of NK cells in fetal growth is unclear. Here, we have identified a CD49a+Eomes+ subset of NK cells that secreted growth-promoting factors (GPFs), including pleiotrophin and osteoglycin, in both humans and mice. The crosstalk between HLA-G and ILT2 served as a stimulus for GPF-secreting function of this NK cell subset. Decreases in this GPF-secreting NK cell subset impaired fetal development, resulting in fetal growth restriction. The transcription factor Nfil3, but not T-bet, affected the function and the number of this decidual NK cell subset. Adoptive transfer of induced CD49a+Eomes+ NK cells reversed impaired fetal growth and rebuilt an appropriate local microenvironment. These findings reveal properties of NK cells in promoting fetal growth. In addition, this research proposes approaches for therapeutic administration of NK cells in order to reverse restricted nourishments within the uterine microenvironment during early pregnancy.

Keywords: aged pregnancy; decidual NK cells; fetal development; fetal growth restriction; growth-promoting factors; maternal-fetal interface; tissue-resident NK.

MeSH terms

  • Abortion, Habitual / genetics
  • Abortion, Habitual / immunology*
  • Abortion, Habitual / pathology
  • Adoptive Transfer*
  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Antigens, CD / genetics
  • Antigens, CD / immunology
  • Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / immunology
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins / immunology
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cellular Microenvironment
  • Cytokines / genetics
  • Cytokines / immunology
  • Cytokines / metabolism*
  • Decidua / immunology
  • Decidua / pathology
  • Female
  • Fetal Development / immunology*
  • Fetal Growth Retardation / genetics
  • Fetal Growth Retardation / immunology
  • Fetal Growth Retardation / pathology
  • Fetal Growth Retardation / prevention & control*
  • Fetus
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
  • HLA-G Antigens / genetics
  • HLA-G Antigens / immunology
  • Humans
  • Integrin alpha1 / genetics
  • Integrin alpha1 / immunology
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / immunology
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism*
  • Killer Cells, Natural / cytology
  • Killer Cells, Natural / immunology
  • Killer Cells, Natural / transplantation*
  • Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B1 / genetics
  • Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B1 / immunology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Pregnancy
  • Signal Transduction
  • T-Box Domain Proteins / genetics
  • T-Box Domain Proteins / immunology

Substances

  • Antigens, CD
  • Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Cytokines
  • EOMES protein, human
  • HLA-G Antigens
  • Integrin alpha1
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • LILRB1 protein, human
  • Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B1
  • NFIL3 protein, human
  • OGN protein, human
  • T-Box Domain Proteins
  • T-box transcription factor TBX21
  • pleiotrophin