Barriers to Quitting Smoking Among Young Adults: The Role of Socioeconomic Status

Am J Health Promot. 2018 Feb;32(2):294-300. doi: 10.1177/0890117117696350. Epub 2017 Mar 7.

Abstract

Purpose: The aims of this analysis were to explore how self-reported barriers to quitting vary by socioeconomic status (SES) among young-adult smokers and to assess their relationship to quitting.

Design: This analysis uses 2 waves of telephone-survey data from the Minnesota Adolescent Community Cohort study.

Setting: Midwestern United States.

Participants: Participants (n = 419) were smokers aged 17 to 24 years.

Measures: Socioeconomic status was estimated using the highest level of education completed by the participants' parents. Demographics, smoking behavior, and perceived barriers to quitting were collected via survey questions.

Analysis: Differences in barriers by SES were assessed using prevalence ratios (PRs). Relative risks were calculated to assess the association between barriers and quitting status 1 year later, testing for effect modification by SES.

Results: Compared to the high SES group (n = 314), the low SES group (n = 105) was more likely to report several barriers to quitting; however, only the risk of gaining weight was significantly more common (PR: 1.38 [1.05-1.83]). There were no significant associations between barriers and quitting status 1 year later, but the number of cigarettes per day was consistently related to the likelihood of quitting 1 year later, regardless of SES.

Conclusion: Despite the limited generalizability to racially diverse populations and different geographic locations, the results suggest perceived barriers may not differ by SES or predict quitting among young adults; however, nicotine dependence may play an important role.

Keywords: barriers; cessation; smoking; socioeconomic status; young adults.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Academic Success
  • Adolescent
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Midwestern United States / epidemiology
  • Smoking Cessation / psychology*
  • Social Class*
  • Social Environment
  • Tobacco Use Disorder / epidemiology
  • Weight Gain
  • Young Adult