Total ankle replacement (TAR) has evolved over the past decade as a treatment for end-stage ankle arthritis with improved survivorship. Despite the improving outcomes, ankle deformity represents a challenge to the foot and ankle surgeon with increased risk of implant failure. The use of preoperative computer-assisted guidance has led to better understanding the 3-dimensional ankle anatomy and associated deformities and allows for reproducible, anatomic placement of the TAR components.
Keywords: Ankle deformity; INBONE II; INFINITY; PROPHECY; Patient-specific instrumentation; Preoperative navigation; Total ankle arthroplasty.
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