Unusual Causes of Venous Thrombosis: Bladder Distension and Uterine Mass

Ann Vasc Surg. 2018 Jan:46:370.e9-370.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2017.08.046. Epub 2017 Sep 13.

Abstract

Thrombosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC) continues to be a rare event, and there is a scarcity of evidence with regard to its etiology. One source for IVC thrombosis is external compression from adjacent structures. In this case series, we present 1 case of IVC thrombosis caused by a severely distended bladder and a case of external iliac thrombosis caused by external compression from an abnormally enlarged uterus. The treatment of each case is varied and included novel oral anticoagulation, catheter-directed thrombolysis in conjunction with mechanical thrombectomy, or a combination of these. We conclude that the choice of therapy should be tailored on a case-by-case basis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Anticoagulants / administration & dosage
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Computed Tomography Angiography
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Iliac Vein* / diagnostic imaging
  • Leiomyoma / complications*
  • Leiomyoma / diagnostic imaging
  • Leiomyoma / pathology
  • Middle Aged
  • Phlebography / methods
  • Thrombectomy
  • Thrombolytic Therapy
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tumor Burden
  • Urinary Bladder Diseases / complications*
  • Urinary Bladder Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Uterine Neoplasms / complications*
  • Uterine Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Uterine Neoplasms / pathology
  • Vena Cava, Inferior* / diagnostic imaging
  • Venous Thrombosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Venous Thrombosis / etiology*
  • Venous Thrombosis / therapy

Substances

  • Anticoagulants