Personalized Management of Cardiovascular Disorders

Med Princ Pract. 2017;26(5):399-414. doi: 10.1159/000481403. Epub 2017 Sep 11.

Abstract

Personalized management of cardiovascular disorders (CVD), also referred to as personalized or precision cardiology in accordance with general principles of personalized medicine, is selection of the best treatment for an individual patient. It involves the integration of various "omics" technologies such as genomics and proteomics as well as other new technologies such as nanobiotechnology. Molecular diagnostics and biomarkers are important for linking diagnosis with therapy and monitoring therapy. Because CVD involve perturbations of large complex biological networks, a systems biology approach to CVD risk stratification may be used for improving risk-estimating algorithms, and modeling of personalized benefit of treatment may be helpful for guiding the choice of intervention. Bioinformatics tools are helpful in analyzing and integrating large amounts of data from various sources. Personalized therapy is considered during drug development, including methods of targeted drug delivery and clinical trials. Individualized recommendations consider multiple factors - genetic as well as epigenetic - for patients' risk of heart disease. Examples of personalized treatment are those of chronic myocardial ischemia, heart failure, and hypertension. Similar approaches can be used for the management of atrial fibrillation and hypercholesterolemia, as well as the use of anticoagulants. Personalized management includes pharmacotherapy, surgery, lifestyle modifications, and combinations thereof. Further progress in understanding the pathomechanism of complex cardiovascular diseases and identification of causative factors at the individual patient level will provide opportunities for the development of personalized cardiology. Application of principles of personalized medicine will improve the care of the patients with CVD.

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Coronary heart disease; Heart failure; Hypertension; Personalized cardiology; Personalized medicine.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers
  • Cardiovascular Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / genetics
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / therapy*
  • Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / methods
  • Computational Biology / organization & administration*
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genomics / organization & administration
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Life Style
  • Lipids / blood
  • Lipids / genetics
  • Myocardial Ischemia / genetics
  • Nanotechnology / methods
  • Pharmacogenomic Testing / methods
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Precision Medicine / methods*
  • Systems Biology / organization & administration

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Cardiovascular Agents
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • Lipids