Comparative evaluation of salivary bisphenol A levels in patients wearing vacuum-formed and Hawley retainers: An in-vivo study

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2017 Mar;151(3):471-476. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.07.022.

Abstract

Introduction: The aims of the study were to evaluate and compare the bisphenol A (BPA) levels in saliva in patients using vacuum-formed retainers or Hawley retainers.

Methods: Forty-five patients who had completed their fixed orthodontic treatment and were entering the retention phase were randomly allocated into 1 of 3 groups: vacuum-formed retainer, Hawley retainer fabricated by heat cure, and Hawley retainer fabricated by chemical cure. Saliva samples were collected immediately before placement, within 1 hour after placement, 1 week and 1 month after placement. Statistical analyses were performed by using 2-way analysis of variance and post-hoc multiple-comparisons Tukey HSD tests.

Results: Statistically significant BPA levels in saliva were found for all groups (P ≤0.05). The highest levels were noted in the vacuum-formed retainer group, followed by Hawley retainers fabricated by chemical cure; the lowest levels were found with Hawley retainers fabricated by heat cure.

Conclusions: With many options available for removable retainers, clinicians should consider the BPA release from these retainers; a Hawley retainer fabricated by heat cure is a favorable choice.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Benzhydryl Compounds / analysis*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • India
  • Male
  • Orthodontic Appliance Design*
  • Orthodontic Retainers*
  • Phenols / analysis*
  • Saliva / chemistry*
  • Vacuum

Substances

  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Phenols
  • bisphenol A