Trained Immunity and Susceptibility to HIV

Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2017 Jan 5;24(1):e00509-16. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00509-16. Print 2017 Jan.

Abstract

In this issue of Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, K. Jensen et al. (Clin Vaccine Immunol 24:e00360-16, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00360-16) describe a dual-purpose attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis-simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine (AMTB-SIV). Interestingly, immunized infant macaques required fewer oral exposures to SIV to become infected relative to nonimmunized animals. The authors hypothesized that augmented susceptibility to SIV was due to activation of CD4+ T cells through trained immunity. This commentary explores the possible relationship between trained immunity, enhanced CD4 T cell responses, and increased susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Keywords: BCG; HIV; trained immunity; tuberculosis; vaccine.

Publication types

  • Comment

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • HIV Infections
  • Humans
  • Macaca mulatta / immunology
  • SAIDS Vaccines / immunology
  • Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / immunology*
  • Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / immunology

Substances

  • SAIDS Vaccines