Viral diagnostic criteria for Feline immunodeficiency virus and Feline leukemia virus infections in domestic cats from Buenos Aires, Argentina

Rev Argent Microbiol. 2016 Oct-Dec;48(4):293-297. doi: 10.1016/j.ram.2016.07.003. Epub 2016 Nov 5.

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was carried out on cats attending the Small Animal Hospital at the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences of the University of Buenos Aires to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Blood samples from 255 cats with symptoms compatible with FIV or FeLV infection, collected between 2009 and 2013 were analyzed by serology (immunochromatography, IA) and by hemi-nested PCR (n-PCR). The IA and n-PCR assays showed similar percentages of positivity for FIV while the n-PCR test was more sensitive for FeLV. Differences between the diagnostic tests and their choice according to the age of the animal are discussed. The clinical histories of ninety of the 255 cats showed blood profiles similar to others previously reported and revealed a higher risk of infection in male adult cats with outdoor access.

Keywords: Feline immunodeficiency virus; Feline leukemia virus; Immunochromatography; Inmunocromatografía; PCR; Virus de la inmunodeficiencia felina; Virus de la leucemia felina.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Argentina / epidemiology
  • Cats / virology
  • Chromatography, Affinity / methods*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • DNA, Viral / analysis
  • Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / diagnosis*
  • Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / epidemiology
  • Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / virology
  • Female
  • Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / genetics
  • Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / immunology
  • Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / isolation & purification*
  • Leukemia Virus, Feline / genetics
  • Leukemia Virus, Feline / immunology
  • Leukemia Virus, Feline / isolation & purification*
  • Leukemia, Feline / diagnosis*
  • Leukemia, Feline / epidemiology
  • Leukemia, Feline / virology
  • Male
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods*
  • Prevalence
  • Proviruses / isolation & purification
  • Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
  • Risk Factors
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Viremia / diagnosis*
  • Viremia / epidemiology
  • Viremia / virology

Substances

  • DNA, Viral
  • Reagent Kits, Diagnostic