Temporal trends in transcatheter aortic valve implantation, 2008-2014: patient characteristics, procedural issues, and clinical outcome

Clin Cardiol. 2017 Feb;40(2):82-88. doi: 10.1002/clc.22632. Epub 2016 Oct 26.

Abstract

Background: About a decade past the first transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), data are limited regarding temporal trends accompanying its evolution from novel technology to mainstream therapy. We evaluated these trends in a large multicenter TAVI registry.

Hypothesis: TAVI is changing and improving with time.

Methods: Patients who underwent TAVI between January 2008 and December 2014 at 3 high-volume Israeli centers were divided into 5 time quintiles according to procedure date. Outcomes were analyzed and reported according to Valve Academic Research Consortium-2.

Results: A total of 1285 patients were studied (43% male; mean age, 83 ± 3 years; mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons [STS] score, 5.5 ± 3.6). Over time, there was a shift toward treating patients at lower STS score, increased use of conscious sedation and transfemoral approach, and decreased use of balloon predilatation. The balloon-expandable to self-expandable valve utilization ratio decreased, the valve-in-valve experience increased from 4% to 17% of all TAVI volume, and length of hospital stay was halved (P = 0.006). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed gradual decrease in mortality risk (P = 0.031), but there was no significant 1-year mortality decrease by multivariable analysis. Each year increment was associated with an adjusted 20%, 15%, and 12% decrease in new pacemaker obligation (P = 0.004), new pacemaker obligation or left bundle branch block (P = 0.008), and in-hospital infections (P = 0.082), respectively.

Conclusions: Temporal trends accompanying TAVI evolution include its utilization in lower-risk patients, procedural simplification, improved overall survival, decreased pacemaker obligation, and shorter hospital stay.

Keywords: Aortic disease; Cardiac; Valvular heart disease; catheterization/diagnostic interventional.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / diagnosis
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / mortality
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Echocardiography
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Israel / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Registries*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment / methods*
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Time Factors
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / statistics & numerical data*
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / trends
  • Treatment Outcome