Varicella myopericarditis mimicking acute myocardial infarction with ARDS - A rare association in an immunocompetent young adult

Indian Heart J. 2016 Sep;68 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S274-S275. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2015.08.026. Epub 2015 Dec 20.

Abstract

Primary varicella infection in an immunocompetent young adult is very rare, but it has a high mortality rate due to serious complications. We report a rare association of varicella pneumonia presenting in acute respiratory distress with mild chest pain, however with electrocardiographic and biochemical markers suggestive of acute ST elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography was done to exclude infarction, serum antibody titers confirmed varicella, acyclovir was started, and ARDS was successfully treated with steroid pulse therapy and mechanical ventilator support. Early administration of antivirals and aggressive management of ARDS were thought to be necessary to overcome the potential life-threatening complications of varicella infection in adults. This case illustrates that not every MI is really MI.

Keywords: Myocardial infarction; Myopericarditis; Varicella.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Viral / analysis
  • Chickenpox / complications*
  • Chickenpox / virology
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Electrocardiography
  • Herpesvirus 3, Human / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host*
  • Male
  • Myocarditis / complications
  • Myocarditis / diagnosis
  • Myocarditis / virology*
  • Pericarditis / complications
  • Pericarditis / diagnosis
  • Pericarditis / virology*
  • Radiography, Thoracic
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome / diagnosis*
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome / etiology
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral