Stepwise Bay Annulation of Indigo for the Synthesis of Desymmetrized Electron Acceptors and Donor-Acceptor Constructs

Org Lett. 2016 Oct 21;18(20):5224-5227. doi: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02504. Epub 2016 Oct 10.

Abstract

A selective stepwise annulation of indigo has been demonstrated as a means of providing both monoannulated and differentially double-annulated indigo derivatives. Disparate substitution of the electron accepting bay-annulated indigo system allows for fine control over both the electronic properties as well as donor-acceptor structural architectures. Optical and electronic properties were characterized computationally as well as through UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. This straightforward method provides a modular approach for the design of indigo-based materials with tailored optoelectronic properties.